Land Cover
The National Land Cover Database (NLCD) provides nationwide data on land cover and land cover change at a 30m resolution with a 16-class legend based on a modified Anderson Level II classification system. NLCD 2021 represents the latest evolution of NLCD land cover products focused on providing innovative land cover and land cover change data for the Nation. NLCD 2021 offers 9 integrated epochs of land cover for years 2001, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2011, 2013, 2016, 2019, and 2021. chs (2001 – 2021) and are directly comparable across the full time series and suitable for multi-temporal analysis. The NLCD 2021 release is update based, so the Land Cover and Impervious Surface products released in 2019 are unchanged and can be used directly with NLCD 2021. Science products and the change index will need to be reacquired to contain the additional 2021 change. Specific map products include:Developed classes in these years are directly derived from percent developed impervious surface and include a descriptor label that identifies the type of each impervious surface pixel. The NLCD Land Cover change index combines information from all years of land cover change and provides a simple and comprehensive way to visualize change from all 9 dates of land cover in a single layer. The change index was designed to assist NLCD users to understand complex land cover change with a single product. NLCD 2021 does not yet contain updated products for Alaska, Hawaii and Puerto Rico. (Read More)
NLCD Land Cover Change Index (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2021, 2019, 2016, 2013, 2011, 2008, 2006, 2004, 2001
NLCD Land Cover (CONUS) All Years
CONUS
| 2021, 2019, 2016, 2013, 2011, 2008, 2006, 2004, 2001
NOAA 2011 High Resolution Land Cover (HAWAII)
Islands & Territories
| 2011
NOAA 2005 to 2011 High Resolution Land Cover Change (HAWAII)
Islands & Territories
| 2005, 2011
NOAA 2005 Land Cover (HAWAII)
Islands & Territories
| 2005
NOAA 2001 to 2005 Land Cover Change (HAWAII)
Islands & Territories
| 2001, 2005
NLCD 2021 Land Cover (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2021
North American Land Change Monitoring System
North America
| 2020
NLCD 2019 Land Cover (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2019
NLCD 2016 Land Cover (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2016
NLCD 2013 Land Cover (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2013
NLCD 2011 Land Cover (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2011
NLCD 2008 Land Cover (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2008
NLCD 2006 Land Cover (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2006
NLCD 2004 Land Cover (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2004
NLCD 2001 Land Cover (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2001
NLCD 2001 Land Cover (PUERTO RICO)
Islands & Territories
| 2001
NLCD 2001 Land Cover (HAWAII)
Islands & Territories
| 2001
Urban Imperviousness
NLCD imperviousness products represent urban impervious surfaces as a percentage of developed surface over every 30-meter pixel in the United States. The NLCD 2021 release is update based, so the Impervious Surface products released in 2019 are unchanged and can be used directly with NLCD 2021.This update provides integrated analysis throughout all dates and includes a matching impervious surface descriptor layer. This descriptor layer identifies types of roads, wind tower sites, building locations, and energy production sites to allow a deeper analysis of developed features. No new imperviousness products for Alaska, Hawaii and Puerto Rico are available for NLCD 2021. (Read More)
NLCD Imperviousness (CONUS) All Years
CONUS
| 2021, 2019, 2016, 2013, 2011, 2008, 2006, 2004, 2001
NLCD 2019 Percent Developed Imperviousness (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2019
NLCD 2019 Developed Imperviousness Descriptor (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2019
NLCD 2016 Percent Developed Imperviousness (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2016
NLCD 2016 Developed Imperviousness Descriptor (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2016
NLCD 2011 Percent Developed Imperviousness (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2011
NLCD 2011 Developed Imperviousness Descriptor (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2011
NLCD 2006 Percent Developed Imperviousness (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2006
NLCD 2006 Developed Imperviousness Descriptor (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2006
NLCD 2001 Percent Developed Imperviousness (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2001
NLCD 2001 Developed Imperviousness Descriptor (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2001
NLCD 2001 Percent Developed Impervious (HAWAII)
Islands & Territories
| 2001
NLCD 2021 Developed Imperviousness Descriptor (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2021
NLCD 2021 Percent Developed Imperviousness (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2021
NLCD 2013 Developed Imperviousness (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2013
NLCD 2013 Developed Imperviousness Descriptor (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2013
NLCD 2008 Percent Developed Imperviousness (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2008
NLCD 2008 Developed Imperviousness Descriptor (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2008
NLCD 2004 Percent Developed Imperviousness (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2004
NLCD 2004 Developed Imperviousness Descriptor (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2004
NLCD 2001 Percent Developed Imperviousness (PUERTO RICO)
Islands & Territories
| 2001
Tree Canopy
NLCD tree canopy cover geospatial datasets with spatial resolutions of 30 m are produced by the USDA Forest Service. Tree canopy cover is derived from multi-spectral satellite imagery and other available ground and ancillary information. Tree canopy products for the period 2011-2021 are available for the conterminous United States, and by summer 2023, they will also cover coastal south east Alaska, Hawaii, Puerto Rico, and U.S. Virgin Islands. (Read More)
NLCD 2021 USFS Tree Canopy Cover (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2021
NLCD 2021 USFS Tree Canopy Cover (HAWAII)
Islands & Territories
| 2021
NLCD 2021 USFS Tree Canopy Cover (PUERTO RICO & U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS)
Islands & Territories
| 2021
NLCD 2020 USFS Tree Canopy Cover (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2020
NLCD 2020 USFS Tree Canopy Cover (HAWAII)
Islands & Territories
| 2020
NLCD 2020 USFS Tree Canopy Cover (PUERTO RICO & U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS)
Islands & Territories
| 2020
NLCD 2019 USFS Tree Canopy Cover (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2019
NLCD 2019 USFS Tree Canopy Cover (HAWAII)
Islands & Territories
| 2019
NLCD 2019 USFS Tree Canopy Cover (PUERTO RICO & U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS)
Islands & Territories
| 2019
NLCD 2018 USFS Tree Canopy Cover (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2018
NLCD 2018 USFS Tree Canopy Cover (HAWAII)
Islands & Territories
| 2018
NLCD 2018 USFS Tree Canopy Cover (PUERTO RICO & U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS)
Islands & Territories
| 2018
NLCD 2017 USFS Tree Canopy Cover (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2017
NLCD 2017 USFS Tree Canopy Cover (HAWAII)
Islands & Territories
| 2017
NLCD 2017 USFS Tree Canopy Cover (PUERTO RICO & U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS)
Islands & Territories
| 2017
NLCD 2016 USFS Tree Canopy Cover (HAWAII)
Islands & Territories
| 2016
NLCD 2016 USFS Tree Canopy Cover (PUERTO RICO & U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS)
Islands & Territories
| 2016
NLCD 2016 USFS Tree Canopy Cover (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2016
NLCD 2015 USFS Tree Canopy Cover (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2015
NLCD 2015 USFS Tree Canopy Cover (HAWAII)
Islands & Territories
| 2015
NLCD 2015 USFS Tree Canopy Cover (PUERTO RICO & U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS)
Islands & Territories
| 2015
NLCD 2014 USFS Tree Canopy Cover (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2014
NLCD 2014 USFS Tree Canopy Cover (HAWAII)
Islands & Territories
| 2014
NLCD 2014 USFS Tree Canopy Cover (PUERTO RICO & U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS)
Islands & Territories
| 2014
NLCD 2013 USFS Tree Canopy Cover (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2013
NLCD 2013 USFS Tree Canopy Cover (HAWAII)
Islands & Territories
| 2013
NLCD 2013 USFS Tree Canopy Cover (PUERTO RICO & U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS)
Islands & Territories
| 2013
NLCD 2012 USFS Tree Canopy Cover (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2012
NLCD 2012 USFS Tree Canopy Cover (HAWAII)
Islands & Territories
| 2012
NLCD 2012 USFS Tree Canopy Cover (PUERTO RICO & U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS)
Islands & Territories
| 2012
NLCD 2011 USFS Tree Canopy Cover (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2011
NLCD 2011 USFS Tree Canopy Cover (HAWAII)
Islands & Territories
| 2011
NLCD 2011 USFS Tree Canopy Cover (PUERTO RICO & U.S. VIRGIN ISLANDS)
Islands & Territories
| 2011
NLCD ALL USFS Tree Canopy Cover (CONUS)
CONUS
| 2011-2021
RCMAP - Future Projections - 2020s, 2050s, and 2080s
RCMAP projected cover products characterize the fractional (i.e., percentage) cover of shrub, herbaceous, bare ground, litter, sagebrush, tree, and annual herbaceous in each 30-meter pixel in the Western United States. Projected data include three time periods (2020s, 2050s, and 2080s) and two climate scenarios (Representative Concentration Pathways [RCP] 4.5 and 8.5). Component cover were harmonized so that the sum of bare ground, shrub, herbaceous, tree, and litter cover adds to ~100% and secondary components sagebrush and annual herbaceous cover were harmonized to their respective primary components of shrub and herbaceous cover, (so their cover could not be greater than their primary component). These products have been produced by USGS in collaboration with the Bureau of Land Management. Component products are designed to be used individually or combined to support a broad variety of applications. Data are packaged by time-period and climate scenarios (six). Additionally, for comparison to reference conditions, a scenario based on 1991-2020 climate normal is available. (Read More)
Rangeland – Future Projections 2080s – rcp 4.5
Western U.S.
| 2080s
Rangeland – Future Projections 2080s – rcp 8.5
Western U.S.
| 2080s
Rangeland – Future Projections 2050s – rcp 4.5
Western U.S.
| 2050s
Rangeland – Future Projections 2050s – rcp 8.5
Western U.S.
| 2050s
Rangeland – Future Projections 2020s – rcp 4.5
Western U.S.
| 2020s
Rangeland – Future Projections 2020s – rcp 8.5
Western U.S.
| 2020s
Rangeland - Backcast 1991-2020
Western U.S.
| 1991-2020
Ecological Potential
Rangeland Ecological Potential - Component Cover, Cover Departure, and Vegetation States.
Ecological Potential rangeland fractional cover data products represent the potential cover given the most productive, least disturbed, portion of the 1985-2020 Landsat archive. Models used to predict Ecological Potential cover were trained on ecologically intact sites where annual herbaceous cover is low, no known disturbance or land treatment has occurred over the study period, and bare ground cover is relatively lower than expectations (Read More)
Ecological Potential Bare Ground Cover
Western U.S.
Ecological Potential Sagebrush Cover
Western U.S.
Ecological Potential Perennial Herbaceous Cover
Western U.S.
Ecological Potential Litter Cover
Western U.S.
Ecological Potential Shrub Cover
Western U.S.
Percent Error for Ecological Potential Bare Ground
Western U.S.
Percent Error for Ecological Potential Sagebrush
Western U.S.
Percent Error for Ecological Potential Perennial Herbaceous
Western U.S.
Percent Error for Ecological Potential Litter
Western U.S.
Percent Error for Ecological Potential Shrub
Western U.S.
Departure of Bare Ground Cover
Western U.S.
Departure of Sagebrush Cover
Western U.S.
Departure of Perennial Herbaceous Cover
Western U.S.
Departure of Litter Cover
Western U.S.
Departure of Shrub Cover
Western U.S.
Ecological Potential Vegetation State
Western U.S.
2018 Vegetation State
Western U.S.